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Table 2 Differences in substance use risk among transgender participants, by gender identity among transgender and non-binary participants

From: Substance use patterns among a global sample of transgender and non-binary people during the COVID-19 pandemic

 

Tobacco use in past 6 months

Alcohol use in past 6 months

Cannabis use in past 6 months

Gender identity

Unadjusted

OR (95% CI)

Adjusted

OR (95% CI)

Predicted proportion (95% CI)

Unadjusted

OR (95% CI)

Adjusted

OR (95% CI)

Predicted proportion (95% CI)

Unadjusted

OR (95% CI)

Adjusted

OR (95% CI)

Predicted proportion (95% CI)

Transfeminine

Ref

Ref

56.39 (49.55, 62.24)

Ref

Ref

64.11 (57.46, 70.76)

Ref

Ref

15.65 (10.78, 20.51)

Non-binary

0.84 (0.61, 1.17)

1.00 (0.71, 1.41)

57.98 (53.94, 62.03)

1.18 (0.84, 1.64)

1.40 (0.97, 2.01)

70.41 (66.67, 74.15)

1.43 (0.95, 2.17)

1.63 (0.98, 2.70)

22.65 (19.15, 26.15)

Transmasculine

0.97 (0.56, 1.67)

1.07 (0.58, 1.97)

62.13 (50.61, 73.66)

2.04 (1.08, 3.84)

2.12 (1.13, 4.35)

76.56 (66.41, 86.71)

1.47 (0.76, 2.85)

1.63 (0.52, 3.01)

22.35 (12.74, 31.97)

Socioeconomic status

 Lower middle

 

1.98 (0.87, 2.21)

  

1.07 (0.66, 1.74)

  

1.06 (0.53, 2.15)

 

 Upper middle

 

1.30 (0.80, 2.11)

  

1.10 (0.65, 1.85)

  

1.04 (0.52, 2.11)

 

 Upper

 

1.11 (0.55, 2.27)

  

1.04 (0.50, 2.15)

  

1.06 (0.40, 2.82)

 

Education

 HS or trade

 

0.58 (0.28, 1.18)

  

1.20 (0.56, 2.57)

  

0.63 (0.23, 1.70)

 

 College

 

0.42 (0.20, 0.85)

  

2.00 (0.98, 4.07)

  

0.84 (0.32, 2.20)

 

Age

 25–40 years

 

0.92 (0.65, 1.30)

  

1.09 (0.76, 1.57)

  

1.57 (0.96, 2.56)

 

 40 + 

 

0.70 (0.46, 1.06)

  

0.70 (0.45, 1.08)

  

0.95 (0.51, 1.77)

 

Refused

 Health services

 

1.07 (0.68, 1.69)

  

1.04 (0.65, 1.66)

  

1.46 (0.80, 2.64)

 

 Police services

 

1.05 (0.68, 1.64)

  

0.92 (0.57, 1.47)

  

1.16 (0.65, 2.04)

 

 Disability status

 

1.35 (0.83, 2.19)

  

1.23 (0.74, 2.03)

  

1.96 (1.09, 3.51)

 

 Job lost due to COVID

 

0.81 (0.47, 1.38)

  

0.98 (0.50, 1.50)

  

0.97 (0.47, 1.97)

 

City

 Small city

 

0.80 (0.42, 1.51)

  

1.88 (0.96, 3.67)

  

1.48 (0.46, 4.75)

 

 Large city

 

1.19 (0.65, 2.18)

  

1.91 (1.05, 3.48)

  

1.78 (0.60, 5.30)

 

Region

 American

 

0.57 (0.36, 0.90)

  

2.33 (1.27, 4.30)

  

4.27 (2.51, 7.28)

 

 South East Asian

 

0.41 (0.28, 0.60)

  

0.45 (0.30, 0.68)

  

0.71 (0.38, 1.30)

 

 Eastern Mediterranean

 

0.99 (0.55, 1.78)

  

0.50 (0.29, 0.88)

  

2.13 (1.00, 4.52)

 

 Western Pacific

 

0.49 (0.22, 1.10)

  

0.95 (0.39, 2.29)

  

1.55 (0.54, 4.46)

 

 African

 

0.22 (0.04, 1.22)

  

1.21 (0.23, 6.37)

  

1.24 (0.13, 11.65)

 
  1. Statistically significant results in bold
  2. Models were adjusted for WHO region, urbanicity, socioeconomic status, education, age category, disability status, whether they have refused health services, whether they have been refused police services, and whether they lost their job due to COVID-19
  3. OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, COVID-19 novel coronavirus disease 2019
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BMC Global and Public Health

ISSN: 2731-913X

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